New York Shipbuilding Corporation

The New York Shipbuilding Corporation (or New York Ship for short) was an American shipbuilding company that operated from 1899 to 1968, ultimately completing more than 500 vessels for the U.S. Navy, the United States Merchant Marine, the United States Coast Guard, and other maritime concerns. At its peak during World War II, NYSB was the largest and most productive shipyard in the world. Its best-known vessels include the destroyer , the cruiser , the aircraft carrier , the nuclear-powered cargo ship , and a quartet of cargo-passenger liners nicknamed the 4 Aces.

History It was founded in 1899 by Henry G. Morse (1850–2 June 1903),Not to be confused with architect Henry Grant Morse, Jr. (1884 – May 28, 1934). an engineer noted in connection with bridge design and construction and senior partner of Morse Bridge Company. The original plan was to build a shipyard on Staten Island, thus the name of the company, but plans to acquire a site there failed. The company then explored other potential sites as far south as Virginia, particularly in the Delaware River area, and ultimately chose a location in the southern part of Camden, New Jersey. Site selection considered the needs of the planned application of bridge-building practices of prefabrication and assembly-line production of ships in covered ways. Construction of the plant began in July 1899; the keel of the first ship was laid in November 1900. That ship, contract number 1, was M. S. Dollar, which was later modified as an oil tanker and renamed J. M. Guffey.U.S. Navy as USS J. M. Guffey (ID-1279) commissioned 14 October 1918 at Invergorden, Scotland, decommissioned Philadelphia 17 June 1919 (DANFS). Two of the first contracts were for passenger ships that were among the largest then being built in the United States: #5 for and #6 for . Morse died after securing contracts for 20 ships. He was followed as president by De Coursey May.

On November 27, 1916, a special meeting of the company's stockholders ratified sale of the "fifteen million dollar plant" to a group of companies composed of American International Corporation, International Mercantile Marine Co., W. R. Grace and Company and the Pacific Mail Steamship Company.On page 510 of the reference notes that American International Corporation holds interests in the International Mercantile Marine Company, Pacific Mail Steamship, Grace Lines and other ocean transportation companies. The same journal in the October issue, page 440, states American International Corporation had "control of the Pacific Mail Steamship Company." From about 1933 to 1937 the shipyard was part of Errett Lobban Cord's business empire.

New York Ship's unusual covered ways produced everything from aircraft carriers, battleships, and luxury liners to barges and car floats.

During World War I, New York Ship expanded rapidly to fill orders from the U.S. Navy and the Emergency Fleet Corporation. A critical shortage of worker housing led to the construction of Yorkship Village, a planned community of 1,000 brick homes designed by Electus Darwin Litchfield and financed by the War Department. Yorkship Village is now the Fairview section of the City of Camden.

New York Ship's World War II production included all nine light carriers (CVL), built on light cruiser hulls; the 40,000-ton battleship ; all three of the six 30,000-ton Alaska-class cruisers that were built (, , and ), four 15,000-ton Baltimore-class heavy cruisers, and 98 LCTs (Landing Craft, Tank), many of which took part in the D-Day landings at Normandy.

After World War II, a much-diminished New York Ship subsisted on a trickle of contracts from the United States Maritime Administration and the U.S. Navy. In 1959, the yard launched the NS Savannah, the world's first nuclear-powered merchant ship. The yard launched its last civilian vessel () in 1960, and its last naval vessel, , was ordered in 1967. The company's final completed submarine was , which had been ordered in the early 1960s, but construction was halted from 1963 to 1965 because of the loss of the . Guardfish was commissioned in December 1967.

In 1968, lacking new naval orders, NYS ceased operations. , then under construction, was towed to Ingalls Shipbuilding in Pascagoula, Mississippi, for completion.

The yard's site is now part of the Port of Camden. The caisson previously used in NYS's graving dock is still in use today in the former Philadelphia Navy Yard's dry dock number 3.

World War II Slipways

Slipway Width Length Date Notes J 1900-41Length originally 600 ft, lengthened to 840 ft for construction of Alaska-class cruisers K 1900-41 L 1900-41 M 1912-41Length originally 700 ft, lengthened to 840 ft for construction of Alaska-class cruisers O 1915 T Based upon measurements made with Google Earth of slipway remains. 1941 U1 1941 Could be extended up to 1,000 ft U2 U3 1941 Could be extended up to 1,000 ft U4

Ships built

Ships built by New York Ship include: Aircraft carriers 1 of 2 , launched 7 April 1925 9 of 9 light carriers

, , , , , ,

2 of 2 light carriers , 1 of 4 , launched 21 May 1960 Battleships 1 of 3

1 of 3

1 of 2

1 of 4

Colliers SS Plymouth served as USS Plymouth from 1918 to 1919, as an auxiliary cargo ship, then returned to civilian service as SS PlymouthShipscribe: SS Plymouth - Retrieved 2017-08-15 SS Fairmont served as USS Fairmont from 1918 to 1919, as an auxiliary cargo ship, then returned to civilian service again as the SS Fairmont. In 1922 she was renamed Nebraskan. For World War II she was renamed SS Black Point and was the last ship sunk by a U-boat on May 5, 1945.Shipscribe: SS Fairmont - Retrieved 2017-08-15 wrecksite SS Black Point SS Winding GulfShipscribe: SS Winding Gulf - Retrieved 2017-08-15 SS Tidewater did not serve in the US Navy. Renamed SS Isaac T. Mann in 1923 and was scrapped at Baltimore in 1954.Shipscribe: SS Tidewater - Retrieved 2017-08-15 SS Glen White served as USS Glen White from 1918 to 1919 then returned to civilian service as SS Glen White.Shipscribe: SS Glen White - Retrieved 2017-08-15 SS Sewalls Point did not serve in the US Navy.Google books: The Rudder; SS Sewalls Point (Thomas Fleming Day, Fawcett Publications, 1919, pp. 233) SS Franklin did not serve in the US Navy, became SS Nevadan in 1921, then SS Oakey L. Alexander in 1926. Was wrecked on the Maine coast on 3 March 1947.Shipscribe: SS Franklin - Retrieved 2017-08-15 SS William N. Page Shipscribe: SS William N. Page - Retrieved 2017-08-15 Cruisers 1 of 2 heavy cruisers launched 7 November 1931 3 of 9 light cruisers launched 8 May 1937 2 October 1937 19 March 1938 4 of 14 heavy cruisers launched 2 July 1944 13 August 1944 15 October 1944 6 May 1945 3 of 3 large cruiser , , 8 of 27 light cruisers 1 of 1 nuclear-powered guided missile cruisers launched 23 June 1962 4 of 8 s Fast combat support ship

Oil tankers SS Gulfoil Gulflight launched 1914. Center of a diplomatic incident when torpedoed in World War I. SS Sylvan Arrow, launched 1918 (1921) sunk by Japanese submarine I-25 in 1942 SS Dixie Arrow launched 1922

Submarine Thresher/Permit-class fast attack submarine (nuclear)

fast attack submarine (nuclear) (completed at Ingalls Shipbuilding) Barbel-class fast attack submarine (diesel):

Nuclear-powered merchant ship

Passenger/cargo ship SS Panhandle State: Also named: President Monroe, President Buchanan, (Iris), and Emily H. M. Weder.SS Panhandle State (pp. 61)- Retrieved 2019-07-22 SS Munargo: Also named Arthur Murray (Army but never used), USS Munargo (Navy), USAT Thistle, USAHS Thistle (Army hospital). Other ships and boats —the biggest passenger-carrying riverboat (paddle steamer) ever built.

Athletic An athletic team for the 16,000 employees was created in the 1910s.

New York Shipbuilding Corporation

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